When the optical system of the eye prevents light from focusing properly, it can cause objects to appear blurry, distorted, and out of focus. This problem is referred to as refractive error. Just like nearsightedness (myopia) or farsightedness (hyperopia), astigmatism is a form of refractive error. It occurs when the front surface of the eye, or the cornea, is irregularly shaped. This imperfect curvature causes light to bend abnormally, making things appear out of focus.
How Can You Treat Astigmatism?
Astigmatism is a very common type of refractive error; in fact, most eyes have some degree of astigmatism. When there is enough irregular curvature present to negatively affect a person’s vision, it is easily managed. Glasses are a common and effective way to correct astigmatism. There are also specially designed contact lenses, called toric lenses, that can be used to correct vision. Some individuals with higher degrees of astigmatism may experience better visual correction in specialty contact lenses such as gas-permeable or scleral lenses. In some cases of astigmatism, the condition may be corrected by refractive surgery, such as LASIK, in which the cornea is completely reshaped.
What Causes It?
While some types of refractive error can change until young adulthood, astigmatism is more likely to remain relatively stable. The cause of astigmatism is unknown, but many people are born with it and have it throughout life. Occasionally, irregular corneal curvature can be induced by certain eye surgeries or trauma to the eye, causing the need for astigmatism correction.
There are many myths surrounding astigmatism as a refractive error, such as believing one will develop it because a family member has it, or that people with astigmatism are unable to wear contact lenses. Luckily these myths are false, and astigmatism is a generally harmless condition that is easily managed.
If you have any further questions call us at (610) 813-2988. We serve Lafayette Hill, Norristown, and Philadelphia, PA.
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